What is one requirement under “Maintain a Vulnerability Management Program” in PCI DSS?

The "Maintain a Vulnerability Management Program" requirement in the PCI DSS emphasizes the importance of protecting systems against vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers. Choosing the option that mentions protecting systems against malware and regularly updating anti-virus software directly aligns with this requirement because it addresses the necessity of having defensive measures in place against malware, which is a critical aspect of maintaining system integrity and security.

By implementing anti-malware solutions and ensuring they are kept up-to-date, organizations can effectively reduce the risk of malware infections that could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive cardholder data. Regular updates to anti-virus software are essential in providing the latest protection against newly discovered threats, ensuring that systems remain secure over time.

Other options, while important aspects of PCI DSS compliance, do not specifically relate to maintaining vulnerability management. For instance, encrypting transaction data is crucial for protecting data in transit but does not directly pertain to vulnerability management. Similarly, identifying and authenticating access, while essential for overall security, focuses more on access control than on actively managing vulnerabilities. Lastly, monitoring and testing network access are also important for security but are broader measures not specifically tied to the vulnerability management program outlined in the standard.